Invitrogen™ CD40 Monoclonal Antibody (HM40-3), Functional Grade, eBioscience™, Invitrogen™

Description

Description: The HM40-3 monoclonal antibody reacts with mouse and rat CD40, a 45-50 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein. CD40 is a member of the TNFR family and is expressed by mouse B lymphocytes, follicular dendritic cells, thymic epithelium, and a subset of peripheral T cells. CD40 regulates B cell development/maturation by inducing Ig isotype switching and in combination with other signals such as IL-4, protects B cells from surface Ig-induced apoptosis and promotes proliferation. Interaction of CD40 with CD154 (gp39), its ligand on T cells, is important in T-B cell crosstalk and plays a role in costimulation and immune regulation. Applications Reported: The HM40-3 antibody has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis. HM40-3 has also been reported in inhibition of binding of soluble CD154 to CD40 and in vitro activation of B cells. Applications Tested: The HM40-3 antibody has been tested by flow cytometric analysis of mouse splenocytes. This can be used at less than or equal to 1 μg per test. A test is defined as the amount (μg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 μL. Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 10^5 to 10^8 cells/test. It is recommended that the antibody be carefully titrated for optimal performance in the assay of interest. Endotoxin: Less than 0.001 ng/ug antibody as determined by the LAL assay. Storage and handling: Use in a sterile environment.

CD40 is a single-chain glycoprotein and a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family, exhibiting significant homology to the Hodgkin's disease-associated antigen, CD30. It is expressed by B lymphocytes, follicular dendritic cells, thymic epithelium, and a subset of peripheral T cells, as well as some epithelial cells, carcinomas, and lymphoid dendritic cells. Notably, CD40 is present on all B cells except plasma cells. CD40 plays a crucial role in regulating B cell development and maturation, inducing immunoglobulin isotype-switching, and protecting B cells from surface Ig-induced apoptosis when combined with other signals such as IL-4. It promotes proliferation and is essential for T cell-dependent immunoglobulin class switching, memory B cell development, and germinal center formation. The interaction between CD40 and its ligand CD154 (gp39) on T cells is vital for T-B cell crosstalk, costimulation, and immune regulation. Adaptor protein TNFR2 interacts with CD40, mediating signal transduction, while the AT-hook transcription factor AKNA is reported to regulate CD40 expression, which may be important for homotypic cell interactions. Additionally, the interaction between CD40 and its ligand is necessary for amyloid-beta-induced microglial activation, suggesting a role in the early pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms of CD40 have been identified. Diseases associated with CD40 dysfunction include Type 3 Hyper-IgM immunodeficiency and CD40 ligand deficiency, highlighting its importance in immune and inflammatory responses.