Invitrogen™ Phospho-gamma-H2AX (Ser139) Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (RM224)

Description

Specificity: reacts to Histone H2A.X only when phosphorylated at serine 139. No cross reactivity with other phosphorylated histones. Recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibodies are produced using in vitro expression systems. The expression systems are developed by cloning in the specific antibody DNA sequences from immunoreactive rabbits. Then, individual clones are screened to select the best candidates for production. The advantages of using recombinant rabbit monoclonal antibodies include: better specificity and sensitivity, lot-to-lot consistency, animal origin-free formulations, and broader immunoreactivity to diverse targets due to larger rabbit immune repertoire.

H2AX is a variant of the H2A protein family and is a component of the histone octomer in nucleosomes. H2AX is phosphorylated by kinases such as ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ATM-Rad3-related (ATR) in the PI3K pathway. Gamma-H2AX is the first step in recruiting and localizing DNA repair proteins. DSBs can be induced by mechanisms such as ionizing radiation or cytotoxic agents and subsequently, gamma-H2AX foci quickly form. These foci represent the DSBs in a 1:1 manner and can be used as a biomarker for damage. The visualization of gamma-H2AX by can allow the assessment of DNA damage, related DNA damage proteins and DNA repair. Gamma-H2AX has applications in the detection of genomic damage caused by cytotoxic chemical agents and environmental and physical damage.