Invitrogen™ Phospho-p38 MAPK (Thr180, Tyr182) Monoclonal Antibody (4NIT4KK), PE, eBioscience™, Invitrogen™

Description

Description: This 4NIT4KK monoclonal antibody recognizes human and mouse p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) when phosphorylated on T180/Y182. p38 MAPK belongs to a family of conserved serine/threonine protein kinases that are phosphorylated and activated in response to numerous stress stimuli including TLR ligands (such as LPS), osmotic shock, heat shock, UV irradiation, and inflammatory cytokines. There are four p38 MAPK members that include p38 alpha, p38 beta, p38 gamma, and p38 delta. The primary activators of p38 MAPK are MKK3/4 and MKK6. Several downstream targets of p38 MAPK have been identified including MK2/3, p53, ATF-2, and ETS1. p38 MAPK can be negatively regulated by the chemical inhibitor SB203580. Specificity of this 4NIT4KK clone was determined by ELISA, flow cytometry, and western blotting. Applications Reported: This 4NIT4KK antibody has been reported for use in intracellular staining followed by flow cytometric analysis. Applications Tested: This 4NIT4KK antibody has been pre-titrated and tested by intracellular staining followed by flow cytometric analysis of normal human peripheral blood cells. This can be used at 5 μL (0.06 μg) per test. A test is defined as the amount (μg) of antibody that will stain a cell sample in a final volume of 100 μL. Cell number should be determined empirically but can range from 10^5 to 10^8 cells/test.

The p38 MAPK cascade regulates a variety of cellular responses to stress, inflammation, and other signals. p38 MAPK is relatively inactive in the nonphosphorylated form and becomes rapidly activated by dual phosphorylation of a Thr-Gly-Tyr motifs. There are four isoforms of p38 MAPK, which differ in their tissue expression and affinity for upstream activators and downstream effectors. When cells are exposed to tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, heat shock, or other activating stimuli, activation of MAPK kinase-3 occurs by phosphorylation. Activated MAPK kinase-3/6 phosphorylate each residue of Thr180 and Tyr182 in p38 MAPK. Phospho-p38 MAPK activates ATF-2, CHOP-1, MEF-2 and other transcription factors through phosphorylation.